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If the insertion isn't applied, a LWTException is raised. zCif_not_exists cannot be used with tables containing counter columnsT)r _has_counterr+rrrrMr(r(r)r]  zModelQuerySet.if_not_existscCr)z Check the existence of an object before an update or delete. If the update or delete isn't applied, a LWTException is raised. z?if_exists cannot be used with tables containing counter columnsT)rrr,rrrrMr(r(r)r^rzModelQuerySet.if_existsc  st|sdSt}tt|j|j|j|j|j|jd}|D]m\}}| |\}}|j j |}|dur@t d|j|j j||jrOt d||j|j j|dkrot|tjrot|tsgt d|||dd|D}n||}|dur~||q|j|||d |q|jr|||r|jrfd d |jDnd} t|j||j| |jd } || dSdS) a& Performs an update on the row selected by the queryset. Include values to update in the update like so: .. code-block:: python Model.objects(key=n).update(value='x') Passing in updates for columns which are not part of the model will raise a ValidationError. Per column validation will be performed, but instance level validation will not (i.e., `Model.validate` is not called). This is sometimes referred to as a blind update. For example: .. code-block:: python class User(Model): id = Integer(primary_key=True) name = Text() setup(["localhost"], "test") sync_table(User) u = User.create(id=1, name="jon") User.objects(id=1).update(name="Steve") # sets name to null User.objects(id=1).update(name=None) Also supported is blindly adding and removing elements from container columns, without loading a model instance from Cassandra. Using the syntax `.update(column_name={x, y, z})` will overwrite the contents of the container, like updating a non container column. However, adding `__` to the end of the keyword arg, makes the update call add or remove items from the collection, without overwriting then entire column. Given the model below, here are the operations that can be performed on the different container columns: .. code-block:: python class Row(Model): row_id = columns.Integer(primary_key=True) set_column = columns.Set(Integer) list_column = columns.List(Integer) map_column = columns.Map(Integer, Integer) :class:`~cqlengine.columns.Set` - `add`: adds the elements of the given set to the column - `remove`: removes the elements of the given set to the column .. code-block:: python # add elements to a set Row.objects(row_id=5).update(set_column__add={6}) # remove elements to a set Row.objects(row_id=5).update(set_column__remove={4}) :class:`~cqlengine.columns.List` - `append`: appends the elements of the given list to the end of the column - `prepend`: prepends the elements of the given list to the beginning of the column .. code-block:: python # append items to a list Row.objects(row_id=5).update(list_column__append=[6, 7]) # prepend items to a list Row.objects(row_id=5).update(list_column__prepend=[1, 2]) :class:`~cqlengine.columns.Map` - `update`: adds the given keys/values to the columns, creating new entries if they didn't exist, and overwriting old ones if they did .. code-block:: python # add items to a map Row.objects(row_id=5).update(map_column__update={1: 2, 3: 4}) # remove items from a map Row.objects(row_id=5).update(map_column__remove={1, 2}) N)rr\rargr^z {0}.{1} has no column named: {2}z4Cannot apply update to primary key '{0}' for {1}.{2}removezXCannot apply update operation '{0}' on column '{1}' with value '{2}'. A set is required.cSsi|]}|dqSr@r(r+r(r(r) rIz(ModelQuerySet.update..) operationcg|] }|jvr|qSr(rer conditionupdated_columnsr(r)r0 z(ModelQuerySet.update..)rrrgr^)rrrrrrrrrrrrPr8r rwr&r%is_primary_keyrGr r6validater7 add_update assignmentsrr) r1r nulled_columnsusnamerIr%r&coldelete_conditionaldsr(rr)rsLZ        zModelQuerySet.update)r%r&r'r4rrrrArr\rar]r^rr5r(r(r2r)rz,s      rzc @steZdZdZdZdZdZdZdZddddddde j df ddZ ddZ dd Z dd d Zd d ZddZddZdS)DMLQueryz A query object used for queries performing inserts, updates, or deletes this is usually instantiated by the model instance to be modified unlike the read query object, this is mutable NFc CsL||_|j|_||_||_||_||_||_||_| |_||_ | |_ dSr@) rrrrrrbrrrrrd) r1rrr r\rjrar] conditionalrlr^r(r(r)r/Es  zDMLQuery.__init__cCs|jr|jn|j}|jr/|jjr%|jjs$|r$||jjkr$tdn||j_|j|St|j||j |j |d}|j sD|j sD|j rHt||S)Nz:BatchQuery queries must be executed on the same connectionr )rrrrrhrir rorrbrdrrrr=)r1rrresultsr(r(r)rSs   zDMLQuery._executecCs$|dur t|ts td||_|S)Nr )rGr^r r)r1r r(r(r)r dszDMLQuery.batchc Cst|j||jd}d}d}|jjD]9\}}|j}|jr+||j d}||j M}qt |t j rLt|j |j|j}|dkrL||d}||j O}q|ru|rU|jjn|jj} | D]\} }||tt|j| q]||dSdS)zU executes a delete query to remove columns that have changed to null )rgr^FTrN)rrrr_valuesrr'deleted add_fieldr#staticrGr r6r r1previous_valueget_context_sizerrJ _primary_keys add_wherergetattrr) r1rgrdeleted_fields static_only_rrucrrr(r(r)_delete_null_columnsjs,      zDMLQuery._delete_null_columnsc s|jdur tdt|j|jksJt|jjdkrdnd}d}t|j|j|j |j |j d}|jj D]\}}|oD| t|j|d}q5t|jj D]@\}}|r\|js\|js\qO|jst|j|d}|jj|}|durqqO|js{t|tjs{qO|o|j}|j|||jd|jqO|jr|jj D]\}}|s|r|jsq||t t|j|q|!||s|j rƇfdd |j Dnd}|"|dSdS) z updates a row. This is a blind update call. All validation and cleaning needs to happen prior to calling this. N#DML Query intance attribute is NonerFT)r\rargr^)previouscrr(rerrr(r)rrz#DMLQuery.update..)#rr rxrr_clustering_keysrrrrrrr _val_is_nullrrrPrrrrchangedrGr r]rrr7r#rrrrrr) r1null_clustering_keystatic_changed_onlyrrrrIval_mgrdelete_conditionalsr(rr)rsL     zDMLQuery.updatecCsn|jdur tdt|j|jksJt}|jjs|jr,|jjr(tdt| St |j |j |j |jd}t|jjdkrBdnd}|jjD]\}}|oY|t|j|d}qJ|jjD]C\}}|rn|jsn|jsnqat|j|d}||r|jj|jr||jqa|jr|jj|jsd|jj|_||t|j|dqa|js|||s| dSdS)z Creates / updates a row. This is a blind insert call. All validation and cleaning needs to happen prior to calling this. Nrzy'create' and 'save' actions on Counters are deprecated. It will be disallowed in 4.0. Use the 'update' mechanism instead.)r\rar]rFT)!rr rxrrr _can_updaterrrrrrrrrrrrrrPrrrrr7r# has_defaultexplicitadd_assignmentis_emptyrr)r1 nulled_fieldsinsertstatic_save_onlyrrrIr(r(r)r`s<     z DMLQuery.savecCsz|jdur tdt|j|j|j|jd}|jj D]\}}t |j|}|dur-|j s-q| |t |q||dS)z Deletes one instance Nz$DML Query instance attribute is None)rargr^)rr rrrrrrrrrrrrr)r1rrrrIr(r(r)rjs  zDMLQuery.deleter@)r%r&r'r4rrbrrrrrr/rr rrr`rjr(r(r(r)r7s     3 +rc Cs|}tt|||jd}|jr2||j}tdd|Ds2||t |j }||_ | |_ |p7|}tj||||dS)N)consistency_levelrcss|]}|duVqdSr@r(r+r(r(r)rsz%_execute_statement..)rlr)rrrLr_partition_key_indexpartition_key_valuesr_routing_key_from_valuesr get_clusterprotocol_version routing_key _get_keyspacerrr) rrrrlrparamsr key_valuespartsr(r(r)rs   rr@)objectr^rrrruryrzrrr(r(r(r)sJ   ((1 AF   :